What is an effect of soil erosion on landscapes?

Soil erosion significantly impacts landscapes primarily by leading to the loss of soil fertility. When soil is eroded, the top layer that contains the highest concentrations of nutrients, organic material, and microorganisms is often carried away. This topsoil is crucial for plant growth and agricultural productivity, as it supports healthy ecosystems and provides essential nutrients for crops.

As the nutrient-rich topsoil is removed from an area, the remaining soil becomes less productive, reducing its ability to support vegetation. This can lead to decreased agricultural yields, loss of plant cover, and can ultimately result in desertification in severe cases. Therefore, understanding the relationship between soil erosion and soil fertility is critical in natural resource management and conservation efforts.