What type of soil is formed from decomposed organic matter?

The type of soil formed from decomposed organic matter is known as humus. Humus is a rich, dark organic material produced from the decay of plant and animal matter. It plays a crucial role in soil fertility, providing essential nutrients for plant growth and contributing to the soil's structure and moisture retention.

The formation of humus involves complex biological processes where microorganisms break down organic matter, resulting in a stable mixture that enhances soil health. This organic component is vital for maintaining a healthy ecosystem, as it supports soil biodiversity and improves aeration and drainage.

In contrast, loam, clay, and sandy soil refer to the physical composition of soils, categorized primarily by the size of the particles they contain rather than their organic content. Loam is a balanced mixture of sand, silt, and clay, making it ideal for agriculture due to its good drainage and nutrient-holding capacity. Clay soil consists of very fine particles and retains water well but may lead to poor drainage. Sandy soil has larger particles, drains quickly, and often requires additional organic matter to enhance its fertility.